Motorola 68010

The Motorola 68010, also referred to as the 68010 or '010, is a 16/32-bit CISC processor that was produced by Motorola's Semiconductor Products Sector as a modestly updated version of the original Motorola 68000. It was succeeded by the Motorola 68020.

Features
The 68010 includes a tiny cache to accelerate small loops of two instructions. A design error from the 68000 was fixed so that an optional Motorola 68451 memory management unit could add support for virtual memory.

History
The 68010 was released in 1982 and is pin-compatible with corresponding packages of the 68000, but was not used in any Macintosh model. The 68000 contained an undocumented opcode which had been reassigned to work with the 68010's cache, but had apparently been used by Apple's engineers. Enthusiasts who tested it by attaching it to a Dove accelerator board found that a few programs tried to access this opcode, such as the Calculator desk accessory, causing a hard crash. This issue also affected the Calculator program of Amiga computers. Aside from compatibility issues, observed speed increases at the same clock speed ranged from 8% to 50%.

A third party peripheral that used the 68010 was Jasmine's Direct Serve AppleShare file server, delivering performance comparable to a 68030-based Macintosh IIcx, but without the need of a dedicated Mac.