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Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) is an operating system derived from Unix, originally developed for the DEC VAX and PDP-11 under the direction of Bill Joy at the University of California, Berkeley. BSD Unix has subsequently been ported to almost all modern general-purpose computer architectures and incorporates paged virtual memory, TCP/IP networking enhancements and many other features.

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BSD UNIX 4.0 was released on October 19, 1980. The BSD versions (4.1, 4.2, and 4.3) and the commercial versions derived from them (SunOS, Ultrix, mt Xinu, DYNIX) held the technical lead in the Unix world until AT&T's successful standardization efforts after about 1986, and are still widely used.[1] The underlying kernel of Mac OS X (now macOS) and Darwin can be traced back through NeXTSTEP as a modified derivative of BSD Unix.[2]

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